Editorial team · Author profile
Ana Petrova
Methodology Editor · Crypto Law Index
10+ years in regulatory practice and analysis
About Ana
Ana keeps the CLPAI methodology current and edits the comparison and ranking-rationale articles. Before joining the publication she spent six years in Big Four risk advisory, working primarily on payment-institution and e-money authorisation files across the Baltics and CEE region. Her editorial focus is on the operational realities of regulatory engagement that don't appear in press releases.
Credentials
- ICA International Diploma in AML
- Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS)
Education
- M.Sc., Risk Management and Financial Engineering, Riga Business School
- B.Sc., Finance, BA School of Business and Finance, Riga
Specialties
- CLPAI methodology
- Comparison and ranking rationale
- AML/CFT regulatory analysis
- Operational reality of regulator engagement
Articles by Ana · 21
DeFi Under MiCA 2026 — What's Regulated and What Isn't
MiCA covers crypto-asset services 'on behalf of clients' — which catches centralised custody, exchange, and trading platforms but …
mica rulesMiCA Article 75 Crypto Custody — Segregation and Safeguarding
MiCA Article 75 sets the operational rulebook for CASP custody of client crypto-assets — segregation, ledger accuracy, bankruptcy-…
jurisdictionLatvia Latvijas Banka CASP Authorisation 2026 — Practitioner Guide
Latvia merged the FCMC into Latvijas Banka in 2023 — a single-supervisor model now covers MiCA CASP authorisation. Small but engag…
mica rulesMiCA Article 78 — Inducements and Crypto-Asset Conflicts
MiCA Article 78 imposes the inducements rule on CASPs — disclosure of any fees, commissions, or non-monetary benefits paid or rece…
mica rulesMiCA Marketing for Influencers and KOLs 2026 — The Rules
MiCA Article 7 applies to influencer and KOL marketing of crypto-assets in the EU. The CASP or issuer remains liable for fair-clea…
mica rulesMiCA Fair-Clear-Not-Misleading Test 2026 — ESMA Examples
ESMA's 2026 Guidelines apply the MiCA Article 7 fair-clear-not-misleading standard through worked examples — what passes and what …
jurisdictionAustria FMA CASP Authorisation 2026 — Practitioner Guide
Austria transposed MiCA through amendments to the Banking Act (BWG) and Capital Markets Act (KMG). The FMA supervises CASP authori…
operationalEU DLT Pilot Regime and MiCA — How the Two Interact
The DLT Pilot Regime is the EU's sandbox for trading and settlement of tokenised financial instruments. MiCA covers crypto-assets …
jurisdictionGreece HCMC CASP Authorisation 2026 — Practitioner Guide
Greece transposed MiCA via Law 5193/2025 and designated the Hellenic Capital Market Commission (HCMC) as the national competent au…
mica rulesMiCA Article 60 — When EU Financial Firms Offer Crypto Without a CASP Licence
MiCA Article 60 gives already-authorised credit institutions, investment firms, EMIs, UCITS managers, and AIFMs a notification-onl…
stablecoin nftStablecoin Issuer Licence: EMI vs MiCA ART Issuer Compared
A stablecoin issuer in the EU needs one of two licences — an EMI authorisation under EMD2 for an EMT, or a MiCA Title III ART issu…
stablecoin nftEMT vs ART: The Two MiCA Stablecoin Categories Explained
MiCA does not have one 'stablecoin'. It has two — the e-money token, which references a single official currency, and the asset-re…
company formationEstonia OÜ for a Crypto Business: Company Formation Explained
The Estonian OÜ is the most-used company form for EU-facing crypto founders — fast, remote via e-Residency, with a €0.01 minimum c…
operationalCASP Complaints Handling Under MiCA: What the Rules Require
Complaints handling looks like a minor operational item — until a supervisor asks for the procedure, the template, the records, an…
comparisonCASP vs VASP: What Actually Changed Under MiCA
VASP was the old national-register world — light, fragmented, AML-only. CASP is the MiCA world — authorised, passportable, prudent…
operationalFit and Proper for CASPs: Who Can Run a MiCA-Licensed Firm
MiCA does not just licence the firm — it assesses the people. The management body and qualifying shareholders of a CASP must be fi…
operationalConflicts of Interest for CASPs: What the ESMA RTS Requires
MiCA's conflicts-of-interest rule requires CASPs to identify, prevent, manage, and disclose conflicts of interest. The ESMA Final …
mica rulesMarketing Crypto in the EU: What MiCA Actually Requires
MiCA's marketing rule imposes 'fair, clear, not misleading' rules on every marketing communication for in-scope crypto-assets — in…
operationalBanking Access for Licensed CASPs: What Works in the EU in 2026
Authorisation under MiCA does not solve banking. A licensed CASP still needs an operating bank account, a client-money settlement …
jurisdictionMalta MFSA Class 3 CASP Substance: The Strictest Bar in the EU
Malta is the only EU jurisdiction whose supervisor reads MiCA's CASP authorisation requirement as requiring functional separation …
comparisonBest EU Jurisdiction for MiCA CASP in 2026: A Practical Comparison
Lithuania, Estonia, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Malta, Ireland — six EU member states actively process MiCA CASP files in 2026, and th…